Hernia surgery

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Hernia surgery

Inguinal hernia:

An inguinal hernia occurs when tissue, such as part of the intestine, protrudes through a weak point in the abdominal muscles. The resulting bulge can be painful, especially when coughing, bending, or lifting a heavy object. However, many hernias do not cause pain.

Symptoms of inguinal hernia:

Swelling of the area on either side of the pubic bone, which becomes more noticeable when standing, especially when coughing.
Burning or pain at the site of swelling.
Feeling pain and discomfort in the groin area, especially when bending forward or when lifting something heavy.
Feeling of heaviness or pulling in the groin.
Pain and swelling around the testicles when the intestines prolapse into the hernia extending to the scrotum.

Inguinal hernia treatment:

Open hernia repair:

This surgery is performed under local anesthesia, sedation, or general anesthesia. The doctor makes an incision in the groin and pushes the protruding tissue back into the abdomen. Then he sutures the weak area, and reinforces the suture with artificial mesh (hernioplasty). The incision is then closed with stitches, staples, or surgical glue.

Laparoscopic hernia surgery:

This procedure requires general anesthesia. The doctor makes several small incisions in the abdomen and then inserts a small tube with a small camera (laparoscope) into one of these incisions. Then, guided by the camera, he inserts very small instruments through the rest of the incisions to repair the hernia using a synthetic mesh.

Umbilical hernia:

An umbilical hernia occurs when part of your intestine bulges through the opening in the abdominal muscles near the navel. Umbilical hernias are common and usually harmless.

Umbilical hernia is very common among children, and it can also affect adults. In the case of infants, the umbilical hernia may be evident, especially when the baby cries, causing the navel to protrude. This is a common indication of an umbilical hernia.

Causes of umbilical hernia:

severe abdominal pressure
Obesity.
Multiple pregnancies.
Previous abdominal surgery.

Surgical treatment of umbilical hernia:

Surgery is resorted to in the event that the hernia becomes larger and painful, a small incision is made near the navel. The herniated tissue is returned to the abdominal cavity and the opening in the abdominal wall is sutured closed. An adult net is usually used to help strengthen the abdominal wall.

incisional hernia:

Incisional hernia occurs due to surgeries performed in the abdomen, where the supporting layer, which we call the fascia, which is located on the abdominal wall and prevents the exit of the intestine from the abdomen, is cut and sewn again at the end of the surgery. However, heavy lifting, stress, and body fatigue may cause these sutures to open, and from here, the organs in the abdomen, especially the small intestine, may come out and cause swelling under the skin of the abdomen.

Symptoms of incisional hernia:

One of the most prominent symptoms of incisional hernia is the occurrence of swelling near the site of the surgical incision, which appears more when exerting effort on the muscles, such as coughing or lifting something heavy, and its symptoms also include:

Vomiting and nausea
Fever
Burning or pain near the hernia
fast heartbeat

Some types of hernias can be treated without surgery, and this is decided by the doctor, as some patients are advised to wear corsets, which increase pressure on the abdomen, and this helps to keep the hernia in its place.

Types of hernia surgery :

Hernia stitching operations:

In which the doctor sutures or closes the place of the hernia, and it is one of the easiest operations to treat surgical hernia, but it is used with small hernias only, in which the doctor locates the hernia and presses on it to push it into the abdomen again

surgeries using reinforced plastic mesh:

These surgeries are done for larger hernias, in which the doctor uses a plastic piece in the form of a net to strengthen the opening and close it, and it is one of the most effective operations in preventing the hernia from returning again.

Laparoscopic hernia treatment:

The doctor makes several small incisions instead of one large incision. Hollow tubes are placed, and air is inflated in the abdomen to make the organs more visible. The doctor then inserts surgical tools including a small camera into the tubes, and the mesh can also be used. Laparoscopic surgery is better, as the patient is likely to leave the hospital in a short time.

In some cases, a recurrent hernia may occur:

In rare cases, the hernia may reflux again after surgery, for several reasons, including:

Reasons related to the surgery itself, such as using an inappropriate type of suture for the patient and using a mesh of an inappropriate type and size for the patient.
Reasons related to the patient, including the patient’s continuation of activities that cause the appearance of the hernia, such as continuing to lift heavy weights,
smoking, which causes chronic coughing and chronic constipation, which leads to high pressure inside the abdominal cavity.
Recurrent hernia is a complication of incisional hernia treatment.

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